Reevaluation of the self-complexity construct

Self-complexity theory predicts that high self-complexity -- defined as a high number of highly distinct self-aspects -- will provide protection against the depressogenic impact of negative life events. Linville (1987) reported a stress-protective function for self-complexity in a two-week prospective study. The present study replicated this effect, but challenges the original interpretation of it as stress-protective. Most importantly, the self-complexity interaction effect was counter-theoretical in form: Uniquely high baseline depressive symptoms were found among high self-complexity scorers at high levels of negative events. In addition, two measures of self-aspect distinctiveness were associated with elevated depressive symptoms under conditions of high stress. Discussion focuses on limitations of existing tests of the buffer hypothesis. Advancement of the hypothesis will require several modifications in research focus.