An examination of female genital alteration as an international human rights violation

This thesis explores female genital alteration as a human rights violation. Because this practice is embedded in the social framework of numerous African countries, a substantial portion of this study is devoted to its cultural underpinnings. To establish a perspective from which to understand female genital alteration, Isabelle Gunning's article is critiqued as a model. Drawing from this analysis, a tripartite approach is introduced to explain how eradication strategies could or have been formulated. Through the examination of the local, national, and international levels, it was concluded that implementing educational programs at the local level remains the most viable alternative in eradicating this practice. Though many agree that female genital alteration fundamentally contradicts human rights accorded to women and children, law--whether national or international--has proven inept and counter-effective. Eradication movements need to start locally, disseminate information through education, and include those who perpetuate the practice.